Emergency camp’s sanitation infrastructure is often inadequate and the risks to people’s health become extreme. Governments, NGOs and Humanitarian organisations are fully aware of these problems and the fact that the basic pit latrine design has not been improved upon in decades which aggravated those problems even more.
This is especially applicable for camps packed with tens of thousands of people, be it in refugee situations or after natural disasters. Thus, a consortium of organisations (The Netherlands Red Cross, WASTE, OXFAM GB, the IFRC, and UNESCO-IHE) brought together for three days private manufacturers, humanitarian organizations, and researchers to foster the development of sanitation designs and systems to particularily tackle the aforementioned problems.

The workshop itself was structured according to the three links of the sanitation chain:

• Day 1: Raised latrines
• Day 2: Desludging equipment
• Day 3: disposal and treatment

Each of the days consisted of a problem definition of the specific topics, a variety of pitch presentations, where suppliers of sanitation equipment presented their solution to the problem and an intensive workshop time slot where the participants were asked to brainstorm and design a sanitation solution for a given scenario and give input to a list of specifications that will be used in the design and development of (post-)emergency sanitation kits. The list of specifications is part of the outcome of a project funded by the Dutch government.

Furthermore, we opened a discussion in the SuSanA discussion forum, where we would like to give the participants the opportunity to give feedback regarding the workshop and also to give the rest of the SuSanA community the chance to leave a comment reagrding workshop or documentation.

Workshop day 1: Raised Latrines

Raised Latrines - General Introduction
Olivier Lauteslager, Aldus; Prof Damir Brdjanovic, UNESCO-IHE; Roel Blesgraaf, Ministry of Foreign Affairs the Netherlands; Gert Bruijne, WASTE

Providing Safe Sanitation in areas where you can’t dig simple pit latrines
Andy Bastable, OXFAM

Use of bio-degradable plastic bags as context specific emergency alternative to "classical" toilets in Haiti
Peter Maes, Medicins Sans Frontieres (MSF)

Ecosan in Disaster Relief
Katherine Kinstedt, TU Hamburg

Flat packing Composting Toilet for temporary communities lacking sanitation infrastructure
Hamish Skermer, Natural Event

Field Sanitation, Hygiene, Shelter Products
Michael Messenger, Aircell Structures

Peepoo in emergencies
Asa Angelino, Peepoo

Top list of requirements for raised latrines
Olivier Lauteslager, Aldus

Storage in Raised Latrines
Martin Nieuwmeijer, Flexxolutions

Cook & Sanitation for All Peapole International (pdf)
Paul van Essen, Cook & Soapi

Aldus research conclusions of demand and supply. Inspiration, challenges and discussion points for new technologies (pdf)
Olivier Lautenlager, Aldus


Workshop day 2: Desludging

Desludging Device - General Introduction (pdf)
Olivier Lauteslager, Aldus

Emergency Urban Sanitation Research Needs (pdf)
Bob Reed, WEDC

Responding to Sanitation in Emergencies Effectively (pdf)
Andy Bastable, OXFAM

Desludging with Tractor and Vacuum Trailer in Haiti (pdf)
Peter Maes, Medicins Sans Frontieres (MSF)

Lessons from South Africa (pdf)
Angus McBride, Engineers Without Borders & Partners in Development

Inefficient technology or misperceived demand: exploring failure of vacu-tug based pit emptying service in Bangladesh (pdf)
Aftab Opel, WaterAid

Modern Desludging Technology - For all purposes, all over the world (The Dung Beetle) (pdf)
Hvidtved Larsen, J. Hvidtved Larsen A/S

ROM - KOKS group: Options for Emergencey Sanitation (pdf)
L.N. Wigman, ROM

Manual FSM considerations (pdf)
Gábor Szántó, Practica Foundation

MTD - pure water: Onsite installations and management (pdf)
Hans Verhoeven, MTD

Atimo Nederland B.V. - We extract everything (pdf)
Edwin van Buuren, Atimo

Flovac Systems - Emergency Sanitation (pdf)
Willem Gooren, Flovac

Top list of requirements for desludging (pdf)
Olivier Lauteslager, Aldus

Aldus research conclusions of demand and supply. Inspiration, challenges and discussion points for new technologies (pdf)
Olivier Lautenlager, Aldus


Workshop day 3: Disposal and Treatment

Challenges of Waste Water Disposal (pdf)
Dominique Porteaud, UNHCR

Treating Waste Water at times of Cholera - Haiti 2010-2012 (pdf)
Jeff Fesselet, Medicins Sans Frontieres (MSF)

Faecal Sludge Management: Overview of Common Treatment and Disposal Options and Applicability in Post-Emergency Situations (pdf)
Lukas Ulrich, EAWAG

S(P)EEDKITS Rapid deployable kits as seed for self-recovery (pdf)
Michael Köttner, IBBK

Prefab- DEWATS - The new pre-fabricated modular solution for decentralized wastewater treatment (pdf)
Andreas Ulrich, BORDA

Thermal sludge treatment (pdf)
Stefan Salzmann, BAMAG

Septage Treatment: Terra Preta Use of indigenous technology (pdf)
Jan Spit, WASTE

Sustainable Sanitation Design (pdf)
Karsten Gjefle, SuSan Design

Top list of requirements for disposal facility (pdf)
Olivier Lauteslager, Aldus

Prodall - Water Technologies (pdf)
Bjorn Focke, Prodall

Buwatec - Water Technology (pdf)
Kees Ooms, Buwatec

Feacal sludge management: ‘one fits all?’ (pdf)
Katarzyna Kujawa-Roeleveld, LeAF/WUR

Aldus research conclusions of demand and supply. Inspiration, challenges and discussion points for new technologies (pdf)
Olivier Lautenlager, Aldus


Closing session
Prof Damir Brdjanovic UNESCO-IHE; Dick van Ginhoven, Ministry of Foreign Affairs the Netherlands

Bibliographic information

Various authors (2012). Workshop on Emergency Sanitation in Delft WASTE, the Netherlands

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Faecal sludge treatment processesCamps (emergency or longer term)Urban informal settlements (slums)PresentationsEnglish

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