The Second International Faecal Sludge Management Conference was held in Durban from the 29th to the 31st of October 2012. 320 delegates from around the world shared ideas and discussed challenges and opportunities in on-site sanitation.

Below you find the Conference Report and the list of papers in alphabetical order by main author last name.

The available FSM2 conference presentations in PDF can be downloaded at https://www.susana.org/en/knowledge-hub/trainings-conference-and-events-materials/conferences/2012/53-fsm2-durban-south-africa-october-2012.

Videos from the presentations are also available in the conference page.

Documents available for download: 1. Baby, B., Vinod, M.S. - Research on self-sustained etoilet for households/urban-semi urban public/community sanitation. 2. Benoit, N. - Individuals' perception & the potential of urine as a fertilizer in Ethekwini, South Africa 3. Blackett, I., Giltner, S., Warsono,M., Darmawan, B., Tayler, K. - Development of urban septage management models in Indonesia 4. Bulbo, M., Yemaneh,A., Dalecha T., Amlaku, T., Krasteva K., Langergraber. G., Otterpohl, R. - Experiments on co-composting of human excreta with bio-char in Arba Minch, Ethiopia 5. Campos, L.C., Jain, V., Schuetze, M. - Stimulating nutrient and energy fluxes in non-networked sanitation systems 6. Cokar, M., Kallos, M.S., Gates, I.D. - The social aspects of designing an anaerobic microdigester with combined thermoelectric heat and power generation to convert human excreta to electricity, heat, methane and fertilizer 7. Dalecha, T., Assefa, E., Krasteva, K., Langergraber, G. - Experiments on struvite precipitation, application and economic analysis in Arba Minch, Ethiopia 8. de Silva Muñoz, L. - Conversion of faecal sludge to liquid fuels. Why and how could it work for small-scale application? 9. Dentel, S.K., Marzooghi, S., Shi, C.J. - Breathable membrane enclosures for faecal sludge stabilization 10. Deshusses, M.A, Colón, J., Forbis-Stokes, A.A., Ouksel, L.S. - Effective sewage sanitation eith low CO2 footprint 11. Foutch, G.L., Islam, Md.W., Podichetty, J.T., Johannes, A. H., Reichard., M. - Faecal sludge treatment by viscous heating 12. Foxon, K.M., Brouckaert, C.J., Wood, K. – Modelling the filling rate of pit latrines 13. Frenoux, C., Tsitsikalis, A. – Domestic private faecal sludge emptying services in Cambodia: between market efficiency and regulation needs for sustainable management 14. Garoma, T., Williams, C. – Enhanced anaerobic as a sanitation and energy recovery and technology 15. Gjefle, K. – The sustainable sanitation design concept for sludge treatment for cities in Africa 16. Goudel, C. L. – Investing in people: using human shit and urine as organic fertilizer, energy saving and economic development in vulnerable communities of Nepal 17. Han, A., Erbay, C., Ryu, Y., Yu, C., Choi, M. J., de Figueiredo, P. - Highly efficient microbe-mediated energy harvesting from wastewater through nanomaterial decorated three-dimensional multi-length scale porous matrix electrode 18. Harrison, J., Wilson, D. Towards sustainable pit latrine management through LaDePa 19. Ieropoulos, I., Greenman, J., Lewis, D., Knoop, O. – Energy production and sanitation improvement using microbial fuel cells 20. Ive, O., Wall, K., Bhagwan, J., Kirwan, F., Birkholtz, W., Lupuwana, N., Shaylor, N. – Demonstrating the effectiveness of social franchising principles: the emptying of household VIPs: a case study from Goven Mbeki village 21. Kellner, C., Graefnitz, T., Hoffmann, T. - Faecal sludge management 22. Koottatep, T., Surinkul, N., Panuvatvanich, A. – Accumulation rates of thickened-bottom sludge and its characteristics from water-based onsite sanitation systems in Thailand 23. Larsen, T. A., Gebauer, H., Gründl, H., Künzle, R., Lüthi, C., Messmer, U., Morgenroth, E., Ranner, B. – Diversion for safe sanitation: a new approach to sanitation in informal settlements 24. Magoya, J. T., Tenthani, C. – Direct mode-solar sludge drier 25. Maradufu, A., Obey, J.K., Sang, B.C., Khang’ati, J.E. – Using Senecio lyratipartitus as a hand disinfectant after anal ablution 26. Martin, S., Danso-Boateng, E., Holdich, R., Wheatley, A., Sohail, M., Gyi, D.- A toilet system based on hydrothermal carbonization 27. Mostert, V. Dealing with the rural sanitation backlog in the Chris Hani District Municipality, South Africa – a case study 28. Muanda, C., Tshibangu, R., Lagardien, A. – Management of faecal sludge from a mobile communal sanitation facility – a case study of the mobisan 29. Muxímpua, O., Hawkins, P. – Building blocks for effective faecal skudge management in peri-urban areas: the role of small-scale service providers in Maputo 30. Naidoo, V., Langergraber, G., Weissenbacher, N., Krasteva, K., Müllegger, E., Lechner, M., Casielles, R., Feki, F., Mutua, B.M., Dissa, A., Jaait, M., Dalecha, T. – The CLARA project – capacity linked water supply and sanitation improvement for Africa’s peri-urban and rural areas. 31. Nikiema, J., Cofie, O., Impraim, R., Drechsel, P. – Fortified excreta pellets for agriculture 32. Opel, A. – Challenge critical: absence of faecal sludge management shatters the gains of improved sanitation coverage in Bangladesh 33. Pradhan, S.K., Amoah, P., Piya, R.C., Heinonen-Tanski, H. – Urine fertilizer for vegetable production – a case study in Nepal and Ghana 34. Preneta, N., Kramer, S., Magloire, B, Noel, J.M. – Thermophilic co-composting of human wastes in Haiti 35. Purves, I.J., Gardiner, V. – Culturally and financially sustainable applications of Loowatt technology in Antananarivo, Madagascar – early feedback 36. Radford, J. T. – Physical characterisation of pit-latrine sludge 37. Robbins, D., Strande, L., Doczi, J. – Lessons learned in faecal-sludge management: experiences from Philippines 38. Sugden, S. – Reflections on business models and technology designs for pit emptying services 39. Summers, S., Linden, K.G., Weimer, A., Lewandowski, A., Klees, R., Mahoney, R., Fisher, R., Yacob, T., Kearns, J., Beck, S., Oversby, C. – Solar-driven thermal toilet with biochar production 40. Liu, Z., Ruan, Z., Xiao, Y., Yu, Y., Tang, Y. T., Liu, Y., Liao, W. – Microbial conversion of sewage sludge for advanced fuel production 41. Chinedu, U. O., Ocholi, M., Kambou, K., Dissa, A., Spooner, K., Kere, R., Makaya, J., Williams, A.-O., Doucoure, I. – Ethics and faecal-sludge management in Africa 42. von Herzen, Brian – Development of a solid waste to biochar reactor 43. Wall, K., Ive, O., Bhagwan, J., Kirwan, F. – Social franchising principles do work: the businesss approach to removal and disposal of faecal – from pilot to scale 44. Yofe, J.-M., Chinedu, U. O., Henry, L., Wethe, J., Djagoun, G., Doucoure, I., Ali, M. Impact of prices and tariffs on fecal sludge management in Africa

Bibliographic information

Various authors (2012). FSM2 Conference in Durban, South Africa Conference materials FSM2, Durban, South Africa

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Faecal sludge treatment processesFundamental research and engineeringEnglish

External links

 Video - Vacuum tanker in operation emptying pit latrines

 Video - Energy production and sanitation using microbial fuel cells

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