The Department of Drinking Water and Sanitation (DDWS) under the Ministry of Jal Shakti, Government of India, recently brought out the strategy and guidelines for SBM Phase II, 2020-21 to 2024-25 to consolidate gains made in SBM Phase I. While the goal in the first phase was eliminating open defecation by constructing toilets, the goals in the second phase are much more ambitious. The outlay for the period is estimated at ₹ 140,881 crores. A major focus area in the second phase is solid and liquid waste management (SLWM) in rural areas. This discussion covered in addition to what is suggested above, what cost-effective, technically simple LWM options exist for different population densities, the technical skills needed to make and maintain these structures and model LWM plans for a village that have populations less than 5,000 respectively more than 5,000 inhabitants.
Nitya Jacob (2020). Synthesis Document: Liquid Waste Management in SBM II SuSanA India Chapter
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