Urine Diverting Toilets in Climates with Cold Winters Technical considerations and the reuse of nutrients with a focus on legal and hygienic aspects Stintzing, A., Jönsson H., Schönning C., Hinkkanen K., Kvarnström E., Ganrot Z., Samwel M., Gabizon S., Mohr A. (2007)
Ecological sanitation, and the most frequent application, dry urine diverting toilets with reuse of urine and faeces in crop production, is growing globally. The millennium development goals have targeted sanitation. There is a need for knowledge on aspects that are related to climates where large temperature differences between summer and winter, and winter temperatures below freezing, are issues. Some of these aspects are the sanitisation of faeces and urine, storage aspects, technical aspects related to freezing of urine, odour, and the reuse of the end products.
Bibliographic information
Stintzing, A., Jönsson H., Schönning C., Hinkkanen K., Kvarnström E., Ganrot Z., Samwel M., Gabizon S., Mohr A. (2007). Urine Diverting Toilets in Climates with Cold Winters Technical considerations and the reuse of nutrients with a focus on legal and hygienic aspects WECF
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Cold ClimateUrine diversion dehydration toilets (UDDTs) Faeces or faecal sludgeUrineRuralEnglish
