Barbiche, J.C., Collins, O. (2020) Evidence-building for Cash and Markets for WASH in Emergencies Practices in Market-Based Programming in the Hygiene Sub-Sector

This report presents an overview of practices related to the use of market support and cash and voucher assistance (CVA) modalities for hygiene in humanitarian crises. These market-based approaches can have a number of advantages, such as improving the efficiency and effectiveness of emergency hygiene response while also supporting the existing local market systems that will continue to deliver hygiene items and services long after […]

Save the Children (2018) First 1000 Days Project: Barrier Analysis Report and Social and Behaviour Change Strategy

Sahin, M. (2011) Water, Sanitation and Hygiene for School Children in Emergencies. A Guidebook for Teachers. UNICEF.

WASH in Schools aims to support the provision of safe drinking water and improved sanitation facilities, and promotes lifelong health for children and their families. Ensuring access to water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) in every school for every child can be a huge challenge, especially during emergencies. When disaster strikes, education is often disrupted as families become primarily focused on survival. Schools become shelters for […]

Thevos, A., Olsen, S. Rangel, J. M., Kaona, F. A. D., Tembo, M., Quick, R. E. (2002) Social Marketing and Motivational Interviewing as Community Interventions for Safe Water Behaviors Follow-up Surveys in Zambia

To address the need for innovative approaches to diarrhea prevention in developing countries, we conducted two studies in Zambia to compare the effect of social marketing alone (SM) with social marketing plus motivational interviewing (SM+MI) on the adoption and continued use of a household-based water chlorination and storage intervention called the safe water system (SWS). In Study 1, we conducted a baseline survey, implemented SM+MI […]

Rosenfeld, J., Berggren, R., Frerichs, L. (2021) A Review of the Community Health Club Literature Describing Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene Outcomes

The Community Health Club (CHC) model is a community-based health promotion program that utilizes water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) education as the first stage of a longitudinal development process. Although the CHC model has been implemented in fourteen countries over 20 years, this is the first review of the literature describing the model’s outcomes and impact. We conducted a review of the literature that provided […]

Rosenfeld, J. (2019) Social Capital and Community Health Clubs in Haiti

One challenge facing WASH programs is that water and sanitation infrastructure are generally collective goods, while WASH behaviors involve individual responsibilities nested within collective norms. Social capital is theorized to facilitate collective action and enhance the diffusion of WASH-related behavioral interventions by enhancing social cohesion and collective action. We used a mixed methods study to assess the relationship between social capital and a Community Health […]

Zimmerman, R., DiClemente, R., Andrus, J. K., Hosein, E. N. (2017) Introduction to Global Health Promotion

Introduction to Global Health Promotion addresses a breadth and depth of public health topics that students and emerging professionals in the field must understand as the world's burden of disease changes with non-communicable diseases on the rise in low- and middle-income countries as their middle class populations grow. Now more than ever, we need to provide health advocacy and intervention to prevent, predict, and address […]

Roaf, V. (2005) Community Mapping: A Tool for Community Organising. Guidelines for WaterAid partners.

This guide is for WaterAid programmes and partners, to help them understand and use community mapping as a participatory development tool. There is already a considerable amount of experience in participatory techniques within WaterAid. They are being used to great effect in the delivery of basic servicess within both rural and urban projects, using tools such as the sanitation ladder and processes that ensure community managed […]

Watson, C. (1994) Proportional Piling in Turkana: A Case Study RRA Notes, Vol. 20

The Turkana people of north-west Kenya are nomadic pastoralists, whose livelihood depends largely on their animals. They also engage in other activities such as growing sorghum, fishing, hunting and gathering, and trade. A study was commissioned to investigate the socio-economic context of Turkana living along the lakeshore, including the relationship between the various economic activities. This case study focuses on the technique of proportional piling, […]

Pretty, J.N., Guijt, I., Thompson, J., Scoones, I. (1995) Participatory Learning and Action. A Trainer’s Guide.

Designed for both experienced and new trainers who have an interest in training others in the use of participatory methods, whether they are researchers, practitioners, policy-makers, villagers or trainers. The guide: provides a comprehensive background to the principles of adult learning; focuses on the facilitation skills necessary for effective training; describes group dynamics and how to build interdisciplinary teams; summarises the principles of participatory learning […]

Postma, L., Getkate, R., van Wijk, C. (204) Life Skills-Based Hygiene Education.

Life skills-based hygiene education offers teachers the opportunity to help children obtain life skills by addressing hygiene issues. IRC is pleased to present this guidance document for the planning and development of life skills based education. It was prepared with financial support from UNICEF. It builds among others on the outcomes of the first life skills-based hygiene education workshop organised in New York and on […]

WEDC (0) Fun with the ‘F’ Diagram

The movement of pathogens from the faeces of a sick person to where they are ingested by somebody else can take many pathways, some direct and some indirect. This diagram illustrates the main pathways. They are easily memorized as they all begin with the letter ‘f’: fluids (drinking water) food, flies, fields (crops and soil), floors, fingers and floods (and surface water generally). This interactive diagram […]

Plan International (2018) Child Friendly Feedback Mechanisms: Guide and Toolkit.

The purpose of this guide is to support Plan International and its partners in developing or strengthening child friendly feedback mechanisms in humanitarian settings. The step-by-step guidance and accompanying tools help humanitarian teams to design and implement feedback mechanisms in collaboration with children, young people and communities.

White, S. (2020) Global Handwashing Day Report: What Have we Learned About Promoting Hand Hygiene During the COVID-19 Pandemic COVID-19 Hygiene Hub

The brief is focused on hand hygiene. We have long understood the importance of hand hygiene for the reduction of diarrhoeal diseases, respiratory infections, hospital-acquired infections and during outbreaks like cholera and Ebola. Hand washing with soap or alcohol-based hand rub is an effective COVID-19 prevention measure along with physical distancing and appropriate mask use. Despite the many benefits of hand hygiene, actual practice remains […]

Pizzacalla, K., Nantume, G. (2019) Guide to WASH in Schools. WinS Models that Work.

Government reports from 2016 and 2017 identified that Ugandan schools are not meeting the national standards for water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) in schools (WinS). For this reason, in 2017, the Ministry of Education and Sports adopted the Three Star Approach for WASH in Schools. The Three Star Approach (TSA) was developed by GIZ and UNICEF and has been implemented in countries around the globe. […]

WHO (2012) A Brief History of COMBI

PIN (2017) The Barriers to Improve Hygiene and Sanitation Practices in Rural Ethiopia. People in Need.

One of the main objectives of development practitioners is to enable people to adopt and practice positive behaviours that help them to improve the quality of their lives. Development projects frequently make assumptions about why people do not follow the positive behaviors these interventions promote. However, such assumptions are often wrong and decrease the effectiveness of well-intended interventions. People in Need (PIN) believes that the […]

WHO (2012) Applying COMBI to Ebola Control in Yambio, Southern Sudan

WHO (2002) COMBI Design Process

WHO (0) Early Warning, Alert and Response Systems (EWARS)

Humanitarian emergencies increase the risk of transmission of infectious diseases and other health conditions such as severe malnutrition. An effective disease surveillance system is essential to detecting disease outbreaks quickly before they spread, cost lives and become difficult to control. WHO’s Early Warning, Alert and Response System (EWARS) is designed to improve disease outbreak detection in emergency settings, such as in countries in conflict or […]