Mills, J.E., Cumming, O. (2015) The Impact of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene on Key Health and Social Outcomes: Review of Evidence

This evidence paper looks at 10 areas identified collaboratively with UNICEF on which WASH can plausibly have a strong impact: diarrhoea, nutrition, complementary food hygiene, female psychosocial stress, violence, maternal and newborn health, menstrual hygiene management, school attendance, oral vaccine performance, and neglected tropical diseases. Together, these areas cover the most significant sector outcomes associated with the distinct life course phases that UNICEF seeks to […]

Prüss-Ustün, A., Bartram, J., Clasen, T., Colford, J. M., Jr, Cumming, O., Curtis, V., Bonjour, S., Dangour, A. D., De France, J., Fewtrell, L., Freeman, M. C., Gordon, B., Hunter, P. R., Johnston, R. B., Mathers, C., Mäusezahl, D., Medlicott, K., Neira, (2014) Burden of disease from inadequate water, sanitation and hygiene in low- and middle-income settings: a retrospective analysis of data from 145 countries

Objective To estimate the burden of diarrhoeal diseases from exposure to inadequate water, sanitation and hand hygiene in low- and middle-income settings and provide an overview of the impact on other diseases. Methods For estimating the impact of water, sanitation and hygiene on diarrhoea, we selected exposure levels with both sufficient global exposure data and a matching exposure-risk relationship. Global exposure data were estimated for the year 2012, […]

Ramesh, A., Blanchet, K., Ensink, J.H.J., Roberts, B. (2015) Evidence on the Effectiveness of Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene (WASH) Interventions on Health Outcomes in Humanitarian Crises. A Systematic Review.

Background Water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) interventions are amongst the most crucial in humanitarian crises, although the impact of the different WASH interventions on health outcomes remains unclear. Aim To examine the quantity and quality of evidence on WASH interventions on health outcomes in humanitarian crises, as well as evaluate current evidence on their effectiveness against health outcomes in these contexts. Methods A systematic literature review was conducted of primary […]

WHO, UNICEF (2020) Hand Hygiene for All

Three billion people – 40 per cent of the world’s population – do not have a place in their homes to wash their hands with water and soap. Threem quarters of those who lack access to water and soap live in the world’s poorest countries and are amongst the most vulnerable: children and families living in informal settlements, migrant and refugee camps, or in areas […]

Coerver, A., Ewers, L., Fewster, E., Galbraith, D., Gensch, R., Matta, J., Peter, M. (2021) Compendium of Water Supply Technologies in Emergencies

The Compendium of Water Supply Technologies in Emergencies offers a comprehensive and structured manual and planning guide on available water supply technology options in humanitarian settings. It disaggregates technologies into their functional components, clarifies terminology and provides guidance for identifying the most appropriate water supply technology solutions in a given context and for all relevant response phases of an emergency. The document is primarily a capacity […]

WHO, UNICEF (2021) State of the World’s Hand Hygiene A Global Call to Action to Make Hand Hygiene a Priority in Policy and Practice

The simple act of cleaning hands can save lives and reduce illness by helping prevent the spread of infectious diseases. During the COVID-19 pandemic, hand hygiene received unprecedented attention and became a central pillar in national COVID prevention strategies. However, both access to the facilities to practice hand hygiene and support for the behaviours required are missing in many settings. If current rates of progress […]

WHO (0) Hand Hygiene: Why, How and When

CSE (2021) SFD Lite Report Jaitpur Village India

Jaitpur Village (Figure 2) 28°30'25.0"N 77°19'48.7"E is located in the Urban Limits of National Capital Region (NCR) Area near “NTPC’s Eco Park”. It comes under the Badarpur Constituency Ward No. 98-S (Figure 2) where an overall population of 125,000 resides in an area of 3.76 sq.km1 giving a population density of 15,775 person/sq.km1. The Village lies in a mid-gap of Yamuna River and Agra Canal […]

GIZ (2021) SFD Promotion Initiative Domiz 2 Syrian Refugee Camp Kurdistan Region of Iraq

Domiz 2 Syrian refugee camp is located on the outskirts of the Domiz Township, near the city of the Duhok, in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq. The camp was intended to be temporary in nature to provide shelter to those fleeing the war in Syria. Having been established in 2013 and currently being expanded by 160 shelters in July 2019, UNHCR Duhok staff believe that […]

GIZ (2021) SFD Promotion Initiative Domiz 1 Syrian Refugee Camp Kurdistan Region of Iraq

Domiz 1 Syrian refugee camp is located on the outskirts of the Domiz Township, near the city of the Duhok, in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq. The camp was intended to be temporary in nature to provide shelter to those fleeing the war in Syria. Having been established in 2012 and currently being expanded and upgraded in July 2019, it is now reasonable to expect […]

GIZ (2021) SFD Lite Report Domiz Town Kurdistan Region of Iraq

This SFD Lite relates to the older part of Domiz Town, rather than the newer developments, for which it is difficult to obtain any information for. Domiz town is located, near the city of the Duhok, in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq. It is approximately 16km to the south of Duhok, along the highway to Mosul, which is 65km further south. Based on an interview […]

Spuhler, D., Kohler, L., Kapur, D., Volk, F., Staack, F., Ddieba, D., Sutter, F., van Soelen, S. (2021) Capacity development for sustainable sanitation Factsheet of Working Group 1

This factsheet aims to provide the basics on what is capacity development. It highlights how considering the different levels, multiple topics, and stakeholders are inherent to success. It summarizes the main capacity gaps for SDG 6, and presents available instruments and resources to close this gap. The factsheet is intended to provide an entry point: 1. for sanitation practitioners to better understand capacity development and/or how to […]

Sinha, S., Kapur, D., Panesar, A., Sharma, R., Venugopal, V., Bahl, M., Büürma, M., Tempel, A., Köcke, S. (2022) A Journey of Urban Sanitation in India Contributions of the Indo-German Development Cooperation

The sanitation situation in India has improved significantly in the last few years. This has been made possible by the foundation laid by various efforts - policies, programmes, investments and collaborations - over the years. This publication aims at describing India’s urban sanitation journey and the contribution to it by the Indo-German Development Cooperation specially over the last ten years.

Sanitation for Millions (2021) Increasing access to safe sanitation and hygiene through innovative financing mechanisms in Uganda Experience from the Sanitation for Millions programme

Globally, 4.2 billion people do not have access to safe sanitation services, and approximately 3 billion lack basic handwashing facilities. Even in 2021, almost 700 million people still practise open defecation and nearly 400 million children attend schools with no sanitation facilities at all. The large financing gap has been identified as one of the greatest barriers to achieving the water, sanitation and hygiene-related targets of […]

GIZ (2021) Support to Ganga Rejuvenation Factsheet

The river Ganga is of enormous historical, economic, physical and metaphysical importance to India and is lifeline to millions of Indians living on its banks. It is considered a goddess in Hindu mythology and also has been prime witness of other religions. Originating in the western Himalayas, Ganga flows south and east through five states in India. The  […]

GIZ (2021) Cities Combatting Plastic Entering Marine Environment

Current estimates based on a limited number of modelling studies suggest that globally some 9-10 million tonnes of plastics enter the oceans annually to become marine litter. Moreover, it is estimated that 15-20% of all plastics are entering oceans via riverine ecosystems of which 90% are contributed by 10 of the world’s most polluting rivers only. Two of these rivers are located in India, namely […]

GIZ (2021) Sustainable Development for Smart Cities

Rapidly urbanising India is estimated to reach an urban population of 600 million from what was around 377 million in the year 2011. Th is implies that almost 40 per cent of India’s population would be living in urban areas by 2030. Th is rapid increase would add to the complex challenges that the Indian cities are facing such  […]

UPM Umwelt-Projekt- Management GmbH (UPM) (2021) Hakimpara (Camp 14) Cox’s Bazar, Bangladesh SFD Intermediate Report

This SFD report looks at Hakimpara, Camp 14, a sub-division of a larger Rohingya refugee camp site in Palong Khali union, Teknaf upazila, Cox’s Bazar District (CXB District) in Bangladesh. As for end February 2021, there were 32,815 people registered in Camp 14 and over 870,000 people (Inter Sector Coordination Group - ISCG 2021 & UNHCR 23.03.2021) registered in total in the 34 sub-camps and […]

IDB (2021) SFD Report Santa Teresa, Costa Rica

The town of Santa Teresa is located in the extreme southwest of the Nicoya peninsula, in the canton and province of Puntarenas, in the North Pacific Region of Costa Rica. Santa Teresa administratively belongs to the Cóbano district. Santa Teresa is formally only one of the towns of the district. However, Santa Teresa traditionally comprises the set of towns that extend linearly along the 15 […]

CSE (2021) SFD Lite Report Kanchipuram India

Kanchipuram Municipality is comprised of 51 wards with a total population of 2,32,816. The total area is 36.14 Square kilometers. The city is on the northeast side of Tamilnadu and is located 76 km away from the state capital Chennai (see Figure 2). It’s a Municipality administration city. The city is located in the banks of the river Vegavathi. Kanchipuram is considered one of the […]