These manuals were originally written as chapters for a book which is still being researched and compiled. In order to make the valuable information available for others to use and adapt, the chapters have been converted into manuals which can be used separately if required. Table of Contents: INTRODUCTION - Schools eco-sanitation in a wider context - Basic principles of ecological toilets - An introductory lecture - The Ecological Sanitation FLIP CHART - Types of toilets used in Eco-san - The Ecological Blair VIP Toilet - Urine diversion toilets - Parts of the ecological toilet - Training methods – using models SELECTED TECHNICAL MANUALS Building toilets at the school - How to build an Arborloo which can be upgraded to a VIP toilet - How to build and manage a Fossa alterna - How to build a simple VIP toilet with bricks and door - How to build a spiral brick VIP toilet - How to build a school-girls VIP toilet - Building a round brick VIP toilet with a steel door and frame Construction techniques for toilets - Making a ring beam to support light-weight toilet superstructures in stable soils - How to make standard corbelled pit linings - A method of lining a pit with bricks using the corbelling technique and also making provision for seepage from the walls into the surrounding soil - How to make a 1.1m diameter concrete slab for use on the Arborloo, Fossa alterna and Blair VIP toilets - Making a 1.2m concrete slab suitable for both brick and tubular vent pipes - How to make a variety of toilet houses with poles and grass - How to make a toilet with gum poles and fabric or hessian as walling - Making self closing doors for toilets - Construction of flat cement inpregnated hessian roof sheet supported on wooden frame - How to make vent pipes from reeds and cement filled fabric - How to make hessian cement vent pipes - How to make pedestals - How to make urine diverting slabs - How to make hand washing devices - Building a urine collection tank attached to the boys urinal The Garden and Trees - Demonstrating the effect of urine on vegetables and maize in small “ring beam” Gardens - Gardens trials with urine on vegetables grown in buckets, basins, ring beam gardens and vegetable beds - Increasing the yield of maize on poor soils using urine and toilet compost as fertilisers - Planting single trees near pit toilets - Planting a ring of trees around toilet pits - The effect of urine on tree growth - Planting and fertilising a woodlot of gum trees (using diluted urine as a fertiliser) School water Supply - Maintaining the school hand pump Training Methods - The brick building demonstration unit OUTREACH PROGRAM (Toilets in the outreach program) - Building an Arborloo with a conical structure - How to upgrading a family well (without a windlass) - How to upgrade a family well (with windlass) Developing homestead gardens - Growing spinach from seed and fertilising with urine in homestead OPEN DAY AT THE SCHOOL - The importance of an open day FACT SHEETS - Maize trials in buckets - Maize trials in buckets - Maize trials in basins - Maize trials in small pots - Urine trials in basins - Urine trials in ring beams - Growing mulberry from cuttings - Comfrey a magic plant - Growing tomato using urine and comfrey

Bibliographic information

Morgan, P., Shangwa, A. (2010). Teaching Ecological Sanitation in Schools A compilation of manuals and fact sheets Aquamor, Zimbabwe

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OtherFaeces or faecal sludgeUrineSchoolsEducatorsPractitionersGuidelines and manualsFactsheets and policy briefsEnglish

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Zimbabwe

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