WHO (2016) Protecting Surface Water for Health Identifying, Assessing and Managing Drinking-Water Quality Risks in Surface-Water Catchments
Safe drinking-water is essential to sustain life – it is the basis for human health, survival, growth and development. Therefore, access to safe drinking-water is a basic human right. Recognition of this right contributes to the survival of human beings and disease prevention, because water is used not only for drinking, but also for many other purposes such as hygiene, food production, agriculture, cooking and […]
Online since: 26.03.2021
Views: 1176
Downloads: 21
Reed, B., Bevan, J. (2014) Managing hygiene promotion in WASH programmes
Managers of water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) programmes normally acknowledge that people need to behave in a hygienic manner to protect water supplies and ensure that sanitation facilities are used properly. However, promoting hygienic behaviour differs from the construction of infrastructure, with indicators of progress being less concrete. This means campaigns need to be planned and carried out in a suitable manner. A number of studies […]
Online since: 26.03.2021
Views: 1434
Downloads: 28
Reed, B. (2013) Measuring chlorine levels in water supplies Technical Notes on Drinking-Water, Sanitation and Hygiene in Emergencies
As the quality of water can be seriously affected by a disaster or an emergency, it is best practice to disinfect all emergency water supplies. The most common way of disinfecting is with chlorine. This technical note explains why disinfection is important, why chlorine is used, how it works, how to test for its presence and where and when to test.
Online since: 26.03.2021
Views: 1430
Downloads: 18
Reed, B. (2013) Delivering safe water by tanker Technical Notes on Drinking-Water, Sanitation and Hygiene in Emergencies Delivering Safe Water By Tanker
Water tankering (also known as water trucking) can be a rapid means of transporting water to areas in need during the initial phase of an emergency. Tankering operations, however, are expensive and relatively time-consuming to administer. This technical note considers key issues relating to the effective and efficient use of tankers during an emergency.
Online since: 26.03.2021
Views: 1063
Downloads: 112
Ramos, M., Benelli, P., Irvine, E. and Watson, J. (2016) ‘Handwashing’ - WASH in Emergencies HIF Problem Exploration Report
The promotion and uptake of effective handwashing practices are critical in ensuring the health of populations affected by emergencies and humanitarian crises. Along with general public health benefits, handwashing can reduce the risk of diarrhoeal disease by up to 50% (Curtis and Cairncross, 2003; Fewtrell et al., 2005; Luby et al., 2005). Handwashing with soap is recognised as an easy, effective and affordable method to […]
Online since: 26.03.2021
Views: 1010
Downloads: 4
Ahmed I., Balkhair K.S., Albeiruttye M. H., Shaiban, A. (2017) Importance and Significance of UF/MF Membrane Systems in Desalination Water Treatment
The proposed chapter addresses a comprehensive overview of the history and future outlook of ultrafiltration/microfiltration (UF/MF) membrane for desalination water pretreatment. Known theories on UF/MF membrane formation from phase inversion (Dr/wet) systems can be prolonged to define the consequences of high or low molecular weight additives. Also, direct material reengineering and surface modification for high-performance anti-fouling of UF/MF membranes are also highlighted. Before the modern […]
Online since: 26.03.2021
Views: 619
Downloads: 1
Jacob, N. (2021) Synthesis Document Thematic Discussion on Expertise and resources needed for inclusive and lasting water and sanitation
Panchayats have been assigned the responsibility for executing rural water and sanitation. To do this successfully as equal partners with the government and engineers, they need a lot of support over the long term. The government and NGOs who will support them have important roles to play to ensure quality water and sanitation services are provided in the long term in an an equitable manner.
Online since: 26.03.2021
Views: 1032
Downloads: 53
Adekile, D. (2014) Supervising Water Well Drilling A guide for supervisors
Good supervision of water well drilling is essential for the provision of long-lasting water wells. This guidance note assists geologists and engineers in charge of the supervision of borehole construction as well as project managers. It can be used to prepare for training, and as a manual. This guide details the responsibilities of the drilling supervisor at the different stages of borehole construction. It explains the […]
Online since: 25.03.2021
Views: 1909
Downloads: 92
ADCAP (2018) Humanitarian inclusion standards for older people and people with disabilities
Globally, around 15 per cent of the population are living with some kind of disability. An estimated 13 per cent of people worldwide are over the age of 60. More than 46 per cent of those who are over the age of 60 have a disability. Humanitarian principles require that humanitarian assistance and protection are provided on the basis of need, without discrimination. […]
Online since: 25.03.2021
Views: 1544
Downloads: 14
USAID, AAE (2021) West Africa Municipal Water, Sanitation and Hygiene Activity (in English and French) Role of municipalities in the provision of water and sanitation services in Côte d'ivoire
DECENTRALIZATION The beginnings of decentralization in Côte d'Ivoire date back to the colonial period, when the country was a French colony with the existence of mixed communes and municipal councils (partly elected and partly appointed). Medium-sized communes were run by councils headed by “Mayor Administrators” appointed by the Central Colonial Government. Large communes were administered entirely by elected municipal councils. Today, with the revitalization and […]
Online since: 25.03.2021
Views: 781
Downloads: 12
USAID, AAE (2021) MuniWASH - Lessons learned from the participatory and inclusive approach to preselecting target municipalities in Benin and Côte d’ivoire (in English and French)
The USAID/West Africa Municipal Water, Sanitation and Hygiene Activity (MuniWASH) is a five-year project currently operating in Benin and Cote d’Ivoire, which is funded by the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) and implemented by Tetra Tech. MuniWASH supports municipalities to provide sustainable water and sanitation services to vulnerable and underserved populations in urban areas. Early on MuniWASH used a participatory and inclusive approach […]
Online since: 25.03.2021
Views: 963
Downloads: 25
RAIN Foundation (2008) RAIN Water Quality Guidelines Guidelines and practical tools on rainwater quality
This document will address RAINs guidelines towards water quality and will give practical guidelines to improve and maintain an acceptable water quality of harvested rainwater for drinking purpose. It will describe criteria for water quality of harvested rainwater, placed within the socio-economic and geographical context of RAINs target countries. The most practical approach of improving and maintaining the quality of harvested rainwater in rural water […]
Online since: 25.03.2021
Views: 1063
Downloads: 13
The Ceramics Manufacturing Working Group (2011) Best Practice Recommendations for Local Manufacturing of Ceramic Pot Filters for Household Water Treatment First Edition
Ceramic filters have traditionally been used to treat household water in many countries, and are commonly available for purchase in both developed and developing countries. Currently, the most widely promoted household ceramic filters in the developing world are based on a design developed in Guatemala in 1981 by Dr. Fernando Mazariegos who, working with the Instituto Centro Americano de Tecnología Industrial (ICAITI), conceived of the […]
Online since: 25.03.2021
Views: 886
Downloads: 24
Smout, I., Shaw, R. (1991) Small Earth Dams
This Technical Brief is concerned with the typical small dam (up to about three metres high) which is built across a stream to form a reservoir. It provides guidance on planning, design and construction, but professional help should always be sought before building any dam whose failure could endanger lives, property or the environment. Care must also be taken to avoid the health hazards of […]
Online since: 25.03.2021
Views: 2380
Downloads: 53
Adank, M., van Koppen, B. & Smits, S. (2012) Guidelines for Planning and Providing Multiple-Use Water Services
The multiple-use water services (MUS) approach is defined as an approach to water services that considers the multiple needs of (poor) water users, who take water from a number of sources, and communities’ own priorities as the starting point for investments in new infrastructure, management arrangements, the rehabilitation of existing infrastructure, or for improvements in management and governance (Van Koppen, 2006). MUS started with the […]
Online since: 25.03.2021
Views: 1010
Downloads: 8
RAIN Foundation (2007) A practical guide to sand dam implementation Water supply through local structures as adaptation to climate change
A guideline based on the Swiss Re 2007 award winning pilot project “Water harvesting to improve livelihoods in southern Ethiopia: from pilots to mainstream” and large-scale implementation of sand dams in Kenya. In the Kituï District of Kenya the SASOL (Sahelian Solutions) Foundation began constructing sand storage dams in 1995. Since this period, over 500 sand storage dams have been constructed. These vary in size […]
Online since: 25.03.2021
Views: 1212
Downloads: 58
Pickering, A., Crider, Y., Sultana, S., Swarthout, J., Frederick, G., Islam, S., Sen, S., Ayyagari, R., Luby, S. (2019) Effect of in-line drinking water chlorination at the point of collection on child diarrhoea in urban Bangladesh: a double-blind, cluster-randomised controlled trial
Previous blinded trials of household water treatment interventions in low-income settings have failed to detect a reduction in child diarrhoea. Technological advances have enabled the development of automated in-line chlorine dosers that can disinfect drinking water without electricity, while also allowing users to continue their typical water collection practices. We […]
Online since: 25.03.2021
Views: 1341
Downloads: 4
Peter-Varbanetsa, M., Zurbruegga, C., Swartzb, C., Pronka, W. (2008) Decentralized systems for potable water and the potential of membrane technology
Decentralized drinking-water systems are an important element in the process of reaching the Millennium Development Goals, as centralized systems are often deficient or non-existent in developing and transition countries (DC and TC). Most water-quality problems are due to hygiene factors and pathogens. A range of decentralized systems is available to counter these problems, including thermal and/or UV methods, physical removal and chemical treatment. This review focuses […]
Online since: 25.03.2021
Views: 905
Downloads: 6
Arturo, P., Ramón, R (2011) Evaluation of Water Pumping Systems: Energy Efficiency Assessment Manual
As part of its Technical Cooperation "Energy Efficiency for Caribbean Water and Sanitation Companies," the Sustainable Energy and Climate Change Initiative (SECCI) of the IDB financed the development of a regional methodology to improve energy efficiency and maintenance of water companies in Latin American and Caribbean countries. This methodology, developed by the consulting firms Econoler International and Alliance to Save Energy, focuses mainly on electromechanical […]
Online since: 24.03.2021
Views: 844
Downloads: 14
Pankratz, T. (2015) An Overview of Seawater Intake Facilities for Seawater Desalination
Seawater desalination facilities require an intake system capable of providing a reliable quantity of clean seawater with a minimum ecological impact. To meet these objectives, it is essential that a thorough assessment of site conditions be conducted. Physical characteristics, meteorological and oceanographic data, marine biology, and the potential effects of fouling, pollution, and navigation must be evaluated, and an appropriate intake design employed. As the […]
Online since: 24.03.2021
Views: 1685
Downloads: 112
