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Billions of people lack access to a decent toilet. Attempts to address this gap through direct-subsidy models have often been proven unsustainable as, given resource limitations, they are unable to provide desirable toilets that families are likely to use and maintain over time. Based on private sector success in low-income markets, business-based approaches may be able to help bridge this gap …
Sharya town is situated in the KRI and located in the Sumel District, which is part of the Duhok Governorate administration, and it lies approximately 15km south of Duhok.
Sharya Town is currently hosting large numbers of IDP’s, both in and out of camps. Figures received from the HoM, relating specifically to the town in 2021, state that there are 7,254 individuals in the hosting community …
It is known that eradicating open defecation is only half the battle. For improving sanitation, faecal sludge and wastewater also needs to be safely managed. It is in this context that Government of India, Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs (MoHUA) issued a National Faecal Sludge and Septage Management (FSSM) Policy3 . It recommends regular desludging of septic tanks through a systematic …
Section 1: Introduction
The Most Significant Change (MSC) technique is a tool for collecting, discussing and selecting stories about the significant changes that people experience as a result of your programs. It involves people at different levels of an organisation discussing the stories and then selecting the stories they consider most significant. This process aims to promote ongoing …
This is a set of technical drawings for a FSTP built at Wayanad, Kerala. It will be useful for designers of FSTPs for small and medium towns. The schematics are provided in metric units. It has top views, hydraulic flows, unloading platform, screen chamber details, anaerobic digester, intermediate storage tank, drying beds, tiger bio-filters and the overall plan.
The central questions that this thematic note seeks to address include: What can municipalities learn about creating a conducive enabling environment for faecal sludge management (FSM)? How can engineers create Faecal sludge treatment plant (FSTP) designs that work well on the ground both technically and financially?
The Swachh Bharat Mission (SBM) has made significant strides in addressing …
• The ASWA-II programme (2017-2022) is being implemented in eight Terai districts to eliminate open defecation and ensure the sustained use of safely managed water supplies and hygiene by people in targeted districts, especially by women and girls and persons with disability.
• At baseline, 47 out of 100 communities were externally ODF certified. However, there are challenges in sustaining …
The study used qualitative methods to assess the effects of a multi-modal school-based water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) intervention on handwashing behaviour among primary students in North Western (NW) Tanzania. Barriers and facilitators to handwashing were explored in the students who participated in the Mikono Safi Trial (Kiswahili for ‘Clean Hands). The intervention increased students' …
A new generation of infrastructure projects that harness the power of nature can help achieve development goals, including water security and climate resilience. In this report from the World Bank and World Resources Institute, both organizations are calling for green infrastructure, such as mangroves and wetlands, to play a bigger role in traditional infrastructure planning. Integrating nature …
This review synthesizes the latest understanding of key pathways of fecal microbes, in particular, enteric pathogens and soil-transmitted helminths (STHs), ingestion by Infants and young children (IYC), and the link to diarrhea, environmental enteric dysfunction (EED), and poor nutrition and development outcomes. The review is based on a thorough search of the scientific and gray literature on …
When cholera strikes in a low-income country, the rapid construction and successful operation of specialist cholera treatment centres (CTC) by medical NGOs can significantly reduce the mortality rate. Such has been the case in Haiti. Since cholera struck the eastern part of the island of Hispaniola in October 2010, in the aftermath of a devastating earthquake ten months earlier, Médecins Sans …
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