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This document aims to be a guide, and a starting point for hand hygiene market assessments for ROSA Country Offices. The information here is based on previous UNICEF market assessments, market mapping toolkits, technical briefs, and field note learnings listed in the footnotes and the reference section.
(2023)
As the largest refugee hosting country in Africa, Uganda currently hosts more than 1.5 million refugees throughout the country. Since 2017, Uganda has been one of the first countries to pilot the implementation of the Comprehensive Refugee Response Framework (CRRF). The CRRF aims to ease pressure on host countries, like Uganda, enhance refugees’ self-reliance, expand access to third-country …
(2023)
The Arborloo is a simple pit toilet using a shallow unlined pit between 1m and 2m deep, depending on soil type and firmness, which is protected at the surface with a ring beam made of concrete or cemented fired bricks. When the excreta is mixed with soil, leaves and ash the pit contents slowly change into a medium in which plants can grow. When the pit is nearly full the toilet superstructure and …
Menstrual hygiene management (MHM) relates to how girls and women manage their monthly menstruation and require access to information about menstruation, clean and safe menstrual absorbents, amenities, and facilities such as toilets and water, and waste management to maintain hygiene. MHM in general is poor in India due to a low level of knowledge and many misconceptions about it. In recent …
Sanitation in India has received national attention for over a decade, especially with the Swachh Bharat Mission (SBM) making it a political priority. However, due to the lack of appropriate sanitation planning practices, there have been little long-term gains made in urban sanitation beyond the ending of open defaecation. In this paper, we analyse the key barriers to sanitation planning, in …
Safe collection, handling and transport of fecal sludge is an integral part of septage management. Limited attention has been paid to the safe collection, transport, disposal and treatment of human excreta from septic tanks. Motorised emptying and transport involves a truck with a standalone or mounted vacuum pump along with a storage tank that is used to empty and transport septage. Typically, …
Sanitation workers are the backbone of the public hygiene and waste management system. Despite providing an essential public service, their work is often unrecognised. A majority of the workers too are unaware of the social security and welfare schemes instituted by both the Central and State governments for their wellbeing, which prevents them from availing the benefits such as pension, …
Through Community Based Total Sanitation (known in Bahasa as Sanitasi Total Berbasis Masyaralat or STBM), many rural communities in Aceh province in Indonesia have been supported to eliminate Open Defecation (OD). However, achieving Open Defecation Free (ODF) still remains a challenge for many residents. This technical paper presents the results of a study on open defecation practices in rural …
The Inter-Agency Standing Committee (IASC) published the original Women, Girls, Boys and Men. Different Needs — Equal Opportunities: Gender Handbook in Humanitarian Action in 2006. The purpose of the handbook was to provide humanitarian actors with guidance on gender analysis, planning and actions to ensure that the needs, priorities and capacities of women, girls, men and boys are considered …
The simple hygiene habits of handwashing with soap and toothbrushing significantly contribute to the health and well-being of children and should be part of their education. While the idea of teaching handwashing and toothbrushing in schools has been around for decades, the actual practice of these activities has been hindered by long queues around the washing station. The concept of building …
Plan International Australia (Plan Australia) would like to share the Gender and WASH Monitoring Tool (GWMT). Promoting gender equality demands significant attention in every WASH intervention as gender relations are integral to the effectiveness and sustainability of WASH. The literature suggests that measuring change in the context of gender relations presents ongoing challenges for monitoring …
In 2020 UNICEF Nepal’s implementing partner COSDER, Gorkha observed that Madarhawa village (480 inhabitants and 1 school), Nepal (located 60km northwest of Lumbini) was without improved WASH infrastructure and that its inhabitants were not observing improved sanitary and hygiene practices. COSDER, Gorkha decided to act and trained the children of Madarhawa on WASH related issues and solutions. …
(2020)
The 2019 Annual Report details the achievements and results of the Water Supply and Sanitation Collaborative Council (WSSCC), its members and partners at local, national, regional and global levels. This year has been one of progress and opportunity, as well as reflection and a strategic reset as we conclude our 2017-2020 Strategic Plan and look to the future. We have placed increasing emphasis …
Water safety plans (WPS) have been implemented in every region of the world, and many implementing countries have included WSPs in drinking-water policies or regulations. Enforcement of WSP requirements, as well as general WSP success and sustainability, requires ongoing WSP auditing, i.e. independent and systematic checks of WSP completeness, implementation in practice and effectiveness.
The …
Barrier Analysis is a rapid assessment tool used in community health and other community development projects to identify behavioral determinants associated with a particular behavior. These behavioral determinants are identified so that more effective behavior change communication messages, strategies and supporting activities (e.g., creating support groups) can be developed. It focuses on eight …
Frequent and proper handwashing with soap is vital to prevent the spread of COVID-19. In response, we have developed this Handwashing Compendium for Low Resource Settings. Exinging existing information from different organisations into one place, the compendium provides guidance, local examples of and further resources on accessible low-cost handwashing facilities, environmental cues and …
Globally, around 15 per cent of the population are living with some kind of disability. An estimated 13 per cent of people worldwide are over the age of 60. More than 46 per cent of those who are over the age of 60 have a disability. Humanitarian principles require that humanitarian assistance and protection are provided on the basis of need, without discrimination. No one should be excluded …
As part of its Technical Cooperation "Energy Efficiency for Caribbean Water and Sanitation Companies," the Sustainable Energy and Climate Change Initiative (SECCI) of the IDB financed the development of a regional methodology to improve energy efficiency and maintenance of water companies in Latin American and Caribbean countries. This methodology, developed by the consulting firms Econoler …
(2000)
This equipment is part of several packages devised by the Oxfam Public Health Engineering Team to help provide a reliable water supply for populations affected by conflict or natural disaster. The equipment is designed to be used with any or all of the following Oxfam water equipment: Water Storage equipment, Water Coagulation and Disinfection equipment, Water Filtration equipment, Water …
The Government of India (GoI) has launched an iniative to strengthen the capacity of Panchayati Raj Institutions (PRIs) to ensure the sanitaton gains achieved under the Swachh Bharat Mission (Grameen) are sustained. The initiative includes ODF status of communites, taking up of an open defecation free plus (ODF Plus) agenda and improving access to safe and secure water supply through the Jal …
In peri-urban areas and small and medium towns, several studies have found women have problems finding safe and convenient toilets and drinking water. The toilets provided in resettlement colonies and tenements are often inadequate, unsafe and in poor condition. One of the main reasons for bad water and sanitation facilities in these resettlement areas is that women are usually not part of the …
Nepal has made an impressive progress in eliminating open defecation across the country in the last two decades. As a result, the percentage of households using improved (not shared) sanitation facilities in Nepal increased from 15% in 2000 to 62% in 2017, and open defecation rates fell from 67% to 21% over the same period (WHO & UNICEF, 2019). Nepal celebrated gains made towards ending open …
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