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TNUSSP carried out a baseline study in 36 ULBs across seven different agro- climatic zones to develop an understanding of the sanitation situation across the various region in the State of Tamil Nadu. The study used both quantitative and qualitative data collection methods to elicit information from various stakeholders including household members, masons, public toilet and community toilet …
To understand the vulnerability of the slums, all eleven slums in the town panchayats of Periyanaicken Palayam and Narasimhanaicken Palayam in Coimbatore were profiled using a range of indicators including location, migration, housing, water, sanitation, drainage, electricity, demography, and health seeking among others. This assessment helped categorise and prioritise slums in terms of their …
In order to achieve 100 percent sanitation and improve public health outcomes in urban Tamil Nadu, TNUSSP undertook a legal, regulatory and institutional review across the sanitation chain. This review mapped the institutional arrangements, laws, and regulations that govern sanitation in the State. This report provides a summary of the review along with the key areas for improvement and a road …
The Training Needs Assessment of masons was conducted to identify the required training needs based on the current levels of education and training of masons, their current level of knowledge and practices in toilet construction, and the construction of on-site containment structures. The findings from the study provide an insight in to the knowledge and practice gaps of masons and help identify …
Capacity building initiatives and programmes were conducted for a range of stakeholders – Government officers, engineers, masons and desludging operators. An assessment was undertaken to see the impact of these programmes on the stakeholders and if they have been able to apply new learnings in their work environment. This report presents the findings of the assessment.
Tiruchirappalli has focused on urban sanitation over a long period of time. This report examines Trichy’s sanitation situation through a comprehensive understanding of existing sanitation arrangements, and highlights key deficiencies that can be addressed by a proposed action and investment plan.
Tiruchirappalli has been a pioneer in the community led management model of toilets. A rapid assessment survey was carried out across 400 community and public toilets in the city to assess their current state and understand the various models used to operate and maintain them. This report presents the findings from the rapid assessment survey.
An assessment of the coverage of sewerage network and effectiveness of the Panjapur Sewage Treatment Plant (STP) in Tiruchirappalli for safe treatment and disposal of sewage and fecal sludge for existing and future loads was carried out. The implications of the proposed extension of the sewer network were studied, with respect to the existing and proposed sewage treatment facilities. …
In Tamil Nadu, currently, a range of behaviour deficits exist along the full cycle of sanitation at the stages of access, containment, emptying, transport, treatment and re-use/disposal. However, communication strategies in the sanitation sector have been largely limited to promoting hygiene behaviours such as handwashing or stopping open defecation by promoting the use of toilets. While these …
Arsenic is widely distributed element in the earth’s crust and ranks twentieth in elemental presence. As a Group V element, arsenic exhibits a broad range of chemical reactivity and it is commercially used in alloys with lead. Arsenic in natural water has been reported from several countries including Bangladesh, China, Chile, Ghana, India, Nepal, Rumania, Taiwan, USA and Vietnam. In India, …
Tiruchirappalli is a partially sewered city and a vast majority of the households are dependent on on-site sanitation systems. The city is serviced by nearly 30 private desludging operators and few urban local body owned trucks. In-depth interviews with desludging operators were conducted to understand their business, operational practices and challenges. This report presents the findings from …
The aim of this document is to provide an overview of the possibilities for resource recovery from sanitation and provide guidance on treatment processes to achieve safe products for reuse. The focus of this document is on resource recovery from the organic wastes managed in sanitation systems and, to a lesser extent, on the recovery of water and energy generation. Resource recovery sanitation …
Faecal sludge management is recognized globally as an essential component of city-wide inclusive sanitation. However, a major gap in developing appropriate and adequate management and monitoring for faecal sludge is the ability to understand and predict the characteristics and volumes of accumulated faecal sludge, and correlations to source populations. Since standard methods for sampling and …
The overall goal of the SuSanA is to contribute to the achievement of the MDGs by promoting sanitation systems which are taking into consideration all aspects of sustainability. The MDGs and the UN’s “International Year of Sanitation 2008” are highly appreciated by the “Sustainable Sanitation Alliance” as they help push sanitation high up in the political agenda. The main focus of the …
UNICEF was part of the front-line response to the 2018 floods and their devastating consequences in the Indian State of Kerala. UNICEF’s work focussed on supporting WASH services and equipment in affected communities. UNICEF, with the support of national and regional-level administrations, local non-governmental organisations (NGOs), community-level organisations as well as national and local …
The Government of Afghanistan is investigating service delivery options to achieve access to safe and affordable drinking water (SDG Goal 6.1). One option to provide rural communities with sustainable and quality water is metered household water connections. The Afghan government began supporting such an approach in 2006 which it began to scale-up in 2016. This study documents and assesses …
In December 2017, the European Union Catalytic Support to Peace Building (EU-CSPB) Programme supported the rollout of a peacebuilding plan led by the Government of Sri Lanka and other partners. This programme supported a managed aquifer recharge (MAR) strategy in Jaffna to encourage the resettlement of communities after years of internal conflict.
To pilot a MAR feasibility study in Jaffna, …
Cholera outbreaks occur almost every year during the monsoon season in Nepal. The 1.3 million people living in the Kathmandu Valley are some of the most affected and vulnerable in the country. The earthquakes in 2015 caused massive population displacement and increased the potential for an outbreak as a result of the widespread destruction of water supply infrastructure and sanitation facilities. …
In 2017, the Government of Pakistan rolled out Joint Sector Reviews (JSR) in four provinces in order to periodically assess the performance of the water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) sector. UNICEF, the Government, development partners, and civil society participated in the process, using the WASH Bottleneck Analysis Tool (WASH-BAT) as a guiding framework. The WASH-BAT, which was designed by …
UNICEF’s water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) country teams work inclusively with governments, civil society partners and donors, to improve WASH services for children and adolescents, and the families and caregivers who support them. UNICEF works in over 100 countries worldwide to improve water and sanitation services, as well as basic hygiene practices. This publication is part of the UNICEF …
Rangpur City Corporation (RpCC) is one of the twelve City Corporations in Bangladesh and is located in the Rangpur division, northern region of the country. The geographical coordinates of Rangpur City Corporation are 25.56° North and 89.25° East. Rangpur became a City Corporation from Paurashava on 28 June 2012 with an area of 205.7 km2, and is divided into 33 Wards. Figure 1 shows the …
Dhulikhel municipality is located in Kavrepalanchok district of Bagmati province, Nepal. The municipality is divided into 12 wards. The municipality is home to 33,981 people as per census 2011. The population growth rate was 0.65% per year from 2001 to 2011.
There are two major highways, B.P highway and Arniko Highway which pass through Dhulikhel. Dhulikhel is located at Eastern rim of …
For help with writing your SFD report or your SFD Thinking, you can use the templates:
- SFD Report Template
- SFD Lite Report Template
- SFD Thinking Template
For more support, the Guidance Notes can be consulted.
These documents were produced under the SFD Promotion Initiative and have been reviewed after being field-tested in more than 40 cities in Africa, Asia and Latin America. The …
Changunarayan Municipality is one of the historical places located in Bhaktapur district in Province no. 3 of Nepal. The municipality carries historical and archaeological significance and was named from the ancient temple of Nepal i.e. Changunarayan temple, enlisted in World Heritage site (Figure 1). The municipality was formed in 2017 (2073) by merging former Village Development Committees …
Tokha Municipality is an ancient city of Kathmandu district in Province No. 3 of Nepal. The total population of Tokha Municipality is 99,032 residing in 25,561 households. Majority of people of Tokha Municipality are dependent on municipal water supply. People who do not have access to municipal water supply system get water from their own sources, mostly groundwater such as well and tap water. …
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